Under the background of global warming and the increase of extreme typhoons, the wind resistance assessment and structural optimization of coastal shelter forests urgently need reliable data support. In this paper, Shanghai Pudong Lingang New Town is taken as an example, focusing on the 2024 Typhoon “Bebecca”. By combining two phases of satellite imagery to calculate NDVI changes, and using handheld LiDAR to record changes in tree height, crown width, crown volume, and tilt angle before and after the typhoon in four 20 m×20 m plots, this study directly quantifies forest damage and recovery capacity. The results showed that after the typhoon, the regional greenness generally decreased, and the section about 5~10 km away from the typhoon path was the most severely damaged; at the individual scale, there were two typical response paths: (1) Broad-leaved large-crown type Hackberry (Celtis sinensis) and Chinese Polygonum multiflorum(Bischofia polycarpa): the high median of Hackberry trees was ?1.20 m, the median CA was ?4.45 m2, and the median Cv was ?27.35 m3, while the high median of Chinese Polygonum multiflorum trees was ?0.70 m, with a large dispersion of Cv, both of which were mainly characterized by a decrease in canopy/tree height; (2) Coniferous conical type Metasequoia(Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and Taxodium truncatum(Taxodium distichum): the high median of Metasequoia trees was 0.00 m, and that of Taxodium truncatum was +0.05 m, with a slight increase in CA and Cv, but a more significant increase in the tilt angle, which was manifested as an overall displacement. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the proportion of wind- and salt-tolerant tree species (such as Metasequoia and Baldcypress) in coastal shelterbelts be increased. Evergreen shrubs should be deployed along the leading edge to share wind loads, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved trees should be used in the middle belt, and sturdy broadleaf trees should be planted in the hinterland. Staggered planting and appropriate density should be used to reduce the risk of displacement caused by wind damage to the entire area. Establishing a regularized assessment process combining satellite comparison and re-survey of sample sites to rapidly determine the level of damage and the order of restoration can support the planning, operation, maintenance, and post-disaster restoration of coastal shelterbelts in megacities.