Abstract:Mi Wanzhong’s Shao Garden in Beijing is a timeless classic of private gardens during the late Ming Dynasty. This article aims to explore the positive role of water landscape in late Ming dynasty gardens by utilizing historical images of Shao garden and descriptions of pictures and imagery in literature; Starting from the perspective of spatial creation, deeply analyze the core of creating garden water system landscapes; Transfer the research perspective from flat images to the garden spatial system, clarify the spatial pattern of the on both sides of a river of the Shao garden water system landscape, and sort out the imagery and construction ideas of the Shao garden water system landscape; Finally, by analyzing the transformation of the spatial pattern of the water system landscape in the Ming Dynasty, this study explores the influence of political background, cultural connotation, and era style in the late Ming Dynasty on the landscape of garden water systems, and explores the historical opportunity and significance of the formation of the northern garden water system landscape in the Ming Dynasty. The research enriches the existing traditional garden water system landscape construction theories. Also, it regards the water system landscape space as an essential support for inheriting the garden cultural tradition, providing a theoretical basis for contemporary garden water system landscape construction and research.