With the rapid urbanization in megacities, home gardening has attracted city residents’ attention to relieve stress and improve the living environment. In this study, we conducted an online questionnaire survey to analyze the consumption status and preferences of home gardening in Shanghai. Results showed that: (1) Citizens had a keen interest and high level of engagement in home gardening, which had become a part of their daily consumption. The primary reasons for the consumption were “personal preference” and “beautifying the home environment”; (2) Plants with high ornamental value and freshly cut flowers were the most famous horticultural products, and consumers valued product quality; (3) Demographic factors such as gender, age, level of education, occupation, and household annual income were associated with the level of engagement in home gardening. There was also a significant correlation between the level of engagement in home gardening and the preferences for horticultural products. Based on the consumption status and citizen’s preferences towards home gardening, this study provided suggestions for the development and improvement of home gardening from various aspects, including the cultivation of new and superior plant species, improvement of the quality, supply structure, and channels horticultural products, as well as the promotion of home gardening.