Summer resorts for foreign residents are a unique cultural landscape that has emerged in modern China. The layout of the summer resort, as well as its cottage location, not only shows as a reflection of foreign residents’ cognition and appreciation of the natural environment but also a projection of their social network. However, limited attention has been paid to the study of social relations. Taking the Kuliang summer resort in Fuzhou as the research object, this paper extracted the cottage distribution and the social relations of residents from historical documents, explored the correlation between these two factors through Accessibility Analysis, Social Network Analysis, and Quadratic Assignment Procedure, and drew a relationship map of the house and the people. The results show that: (1) The spatial relationship is coupled with the social relationship in Kuliang and is also affected by the special needs of the residents; (2) There are attractive “key people” among the residents, so the house layout has a significant characteristic of “dividing people into groups,”; (3) The owners of cottages with geographical adjacency are usually closer in social relations. In conclusion, the Kuliang summer resort is a characteristic cultural landscape formed under the construction of foreign residents’ social relations.