In the context of ecological civilization construction, ecological restoration of territorial spatial planning has been upgraded to a national strategy, which is important for maintaining the ecological security of typical regions and improving the quality and stability of ecosystems. Taking the northern ecological barrier area of Guangzhou as the study area, we identified ecological source sites by analyzing the importance of ecosystem service functions, extracted ecological corridors by applying circuit theory to build the ecological security pattern of the watershed, and determined ecological “pinch points” and ecological barrier points current density to identify key ecological restoration areas. The results show that: (1) 54 ecological source sites of 1 973 km2 were identified, showing the characteristics of “more in the northeast and less in the southwest” and 94 ecological corridors, totaling 379.43 km, including 25 key ecological corridors. (2) The key areas to be restored are identified, including 16 ecological “pinch points”, 9 major ecological barrier points, 34 minor ecological barrier points, and 55 ecological fracture points, which are mainly located downstream of the watershed between the urban construction area and the adjacent source sites. According to the spatial distribution relationship and land use of each key area, five types of restoration are proposed: core protection, diagnostic enhancement, key restoration, adjustment and reshaping, and source land penetration area, and corresponding strategies are proposed to provide a reference for ecological protection and restoration practices in watershed-type ecological barrier areas.