The ancient Huizhou West Lake is known as one of the “Three Great West Lakes” because of its unadorned and natural beauty. However, it has gradually lost its original elegant appearance in the wave of urbanization. Studying the evolution, background, and process of the ancient Huizhou West Lake is conducive to understanding its heritage value and playing a role in enlightening for protection and construction of the contemporary Huizhou West Lake scenic area. According to the historical records of the ancient Huizhou West Lake construction, the evolution process can be divided into five main stages, including Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Preliminarily verify the plans of these stages and then discuss how the background of the times affects the regional development, then affects the urban construction of Huizhou, and finally acts on the landscape construction of Huizhou West Lake. Based on this, the characteristics of Huizhou west lake landscape construction in various stages are summarized. Finally, it can be concluded that Tang embryonic period is the foreshadowing, the Song growth period is the first peak, Yuan stagnant period is the trough, Ming mature period is the second peak, and the Qing heyday is the third peak of the evolution process. The ancient Huizhou West Lake, which has experienced the whole process, rises and falls together with the times, region, and city.